Almost everyone experiences migraines in their lifetime. Those who managed to avoid such a state can rightfully be called lucky. This article will tell you about what to do with a migraine. You will learn what medications and folk recipes are allowed for use at home, as well as how to relieve a migraine attack without medication (with the help of gymnastics and the environment).

What is a migraine?

Before you learn what to do with migraine and it is worth saying a few words about the disease itself. This pathology belongs to the neurological class. Migraine differs from ordinary migraine in a special way. Most often it appears in one half of the head. The pain at the same time gradually increases, becomes pulsating and simply unbearable.

Many doctors believe that migraine is inherited only in women. If your mother or grandmother suffered from this disease, then there is a high probability that sooner or later it will manifest itself. Most often, the disease is gaining its activity at the age of the patient from 30 to 35 years. However, episodes at an earlier or later age are not excluded.

Symptoms of the disease

Very often migraine is accompanied by intolerance to bright light and loud sound. In addition, the pain may be accompanied by loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. However, before it occurs, the patient often wants to use some specific (unusual) product.

Pain during an attack often occupies one half of the head. In this case, the spread can be on the neck, eye and shoulder area. Less commonly, pathology affects two hemispheres at once. At the same time, the migraine becomes simply unbearable. Such sensations can last from one hour to several days. If a person encounters an irritant (light, noise, strong smell), then the condition can worsen significantly.

How to cure a migraine or relieve pain quickly?

There are several ways to eliminate or prevent the development of pathology. Treatment can be medical, inpatient, folk, and so on. Many patients note that a variety of drugs taken orally have little or no effect. Everything is explained by the fact that during an attack the work of the stomach stops (this is what causes nausea and vomiting). As a result of this process, various drugs do not enter the intestine for further processing and absorption into the blood. So, if a migraine attack occurs, what to do and how to quickly relieve discomfort? Let's try to consider several treatment methods in detail.

Better to prevent than to cure

If you feel that a migraine will develop soon, how to relieve pain in this case? Many doctors and scientists argue that an attack can be stopped at the very initial stages. Often, before the onset of a migraine, a person feels a fear of light, the appearance of pungent odors. An aura may appear within one hour before an attack. At the same time, the patient feels a slight clouding of consciousness, the appearance of white flies before the eyes, which are immediately replaced by black spots. There may also be tinnitus and slowness of action.

To relieve a migraine headache already at this stage, you just need to fall asleep. For many patients, this method allows you to completely avoid discomfort. For other patients, migraine occurs in a milder form. However, it is not always possible to instantly disconnect from the outside world. If you feel that a migraine is coming, then you can use the following methods:

  • drink a small cup of coffee (the intake of a vasodilator in the body will alleviate the condition);
  • take analgesics (this rule can only help if the pulsation in the temples has not yet begun);
  • use a contrast shower (this method will help bring your blood vessels back to normal);
  • take sedatives;
  • perform a foot massage (there are points on the legs that are responsible for pain impulses in the head).

Medical treatment

If you are struck by a migraine attack, pain management should be started as soon as possible. Many doctors recommend the use of drugs to relieve discomfort. All of them can be divided into several groups.

Analgesics

These funds can be issued in different forms. The most common tablets. However, with nausea and vomiting, this form may simply be ineffective. There are also syrups, suspensions and effervescent (soluble) capsules. They act somewhat faster, but when inhibiting the functioning of the stomach, they may also not help. Rectal suppositories and injections in this case will be much more effective.

Among analgesics, the following drugs can be distinguished: Paracetamol, Solpadein, Mig, Aspirin, and so on. All of them have a similar effect. Once in the body, the drugs are absorbed into the bloodstream and distributed throughout the body. Means detect the source of the pain syndrome and eliminate it.

It is worth noting that with all these drugs will be ineffective. Migraine is often triggered precisely by the narrowing and expansion of the main arteries of the brain.

Antispasmodics

If the pain in the head is caused by vasospasm, then this group of medicinal substances can be used. Most often they are available in the form of capsules, injections and, if possible, it is better to enter an intramuscular solution.

Among antispasmodics, the following drugs can be distinguished: No-Shpa, Papaverin, Drotaverin and many others. Once in the human body, the drug is rapidly absorbed and has a relaxing effect on smooth muscles.

Antidepressants and sedatives

If you often suffer from migraines, how to relieve pain before it gets worse? In this case, you can drink antidepressants as well. Scientists have proven that often pathology occurs precisely because of stressful situations.

Among such drugs, the following can be distinguished: Afobazol, Persen, extracts of valerian, motherwort, and so on. It is worth noting that during an attack, the use of exclusively these funds will not lead to anything. All of these medicines should be taken before the onset of pain.

Caffeinated drugs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

If traditional analgesics did not help you, then how to relieve a migraine (how to relieve pain)? In this case, you can take any drug containing caffeine, such as Citramon, Excedrin, or any other similar remedy.

These drugs not only relieve pain, but also gently affect them by slightly expanding them.

Triptans

There are even stronger remedies for migraine. Treatment in this case is carried out with drugs from the triptan class. They interact with the main receptors of the human brain and stop discomfort.

Such means include the following: Sumamigren, Amigrenin, Relpax, Sumatriptan, Zomig and many others. It is worth noting that all these drugs should be taken only as directed by a doctor after a correctly established diagnosis.

Non-drug methods

If you are struck by a migraine, how to relieve pain without the use of drugs? There are several effective ways. However, each person chooses his own individual approach to this disease. Try all the methods and choose the one that suits you best:

  1. Take a horizontal position in a dark room. If there is no way to block sounds and turn off the lights, use a special eye mask and insert earplugs. Stay like this until the pain is relieved.
  2. Take a hot bath. At the same time, immerse not only the body, but also the head in the liquid. The water must have fairly high temperatures. Remember that this method is not suitable for diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
  3. Get some sleep. Sleep should be short. 15-20 minutes is enough to alleviate the condition. After that, you can drink a cup of strong coffee and put a cold bandage on the forehead.
  4. Rub the whiskey with menthol ointment or pencil. After that, tightly bandage your head with a bandage. Stay in this state until the symptoms are completely relieved.
  5. Make a cold bath for hands. The liquid must contain pieces of ice. Only in this case you will achieve the desired effect. Place your hands in the bowl and remain in this position until the water is heated.

Gymnastics

How to get rid of discomfort? You can use simple gymnastics. The impact on the muscles of the neck and shoulder girdle allows you to stop the pain and can be an excellent prevention of relapse.

Sit on a chair and straighten your back. Tilt your chin to your chest as close as possible. In this case, you need to feel how the muscles and ligaments of the neck located behind are stretched. Tilt your head to the right. Then repeat the same movement on the other side. You need to perform gymnastics slowly and with your eyes closed.

Massage the forehead area from the center to the temples. At the same time, make pressure movements. From the temples, draw similar lines to the back of the head. From the back of the neck, massage your head towards the top of your head.

After the gymnastics, you need to take a horizontal position and relax a bit.

Can migraines be prevented?

If you do not want to deal with the symptoms of the disease, then you should take care of prevention. Of course, you can cure a migraine. How to relieve pain (tablets and non-drug methods) is described above. However, there are a number of rules, following which, you can minimize the risk of pain:

  • try to sleep at least 8, but not more than 10 hours a day;
  • observe (eat at the same time);
  • avoid eating forbidden foods (cheese, chocolate, spirits, soda);
  • stay outdoors more often (move and walk more);
  • drink vitamins (it is best to choose a complex of B vitamins, for example, Neuromultivit, Magnerot, Magne B6);
  • avoid stressful situations (if necessary, use sedatives);
  • monitor the health of the vessels (visit the doctor regularly and, if necessary, do an MRI).

Migraine is perhaps the oldest disease known to mankind. The first mention of this disease was found in the writings of shovers who lived 3,000 years ago, and then migraine became generally a “disease of aristocrats” ... For many years, doctors and scientists not only classified and differentiated the disease in question, but also found out how and what can be done to help to their patients.

General about migraine

The disease in question is not dangerous to human health or life, some scientists generally conclude that migraine helps people keep their mind, memory longer ... Agree, the dubious positive qualities of the disease, if such can occur at all. What doctors and scientists know about migraine:

  1. Migraine attacks always go through 4 stages of development:
  • prodrome- the patient is disturbed by a feeling of anxiety, he clearly feels the onset of an attack;
  • aura- tactile, visual and auditory disturbances begin before an attack;
  • migraine pain- always very strong, paroxysmal, pulsating and localized in a certain part of the head;
  • postdromal period- the pain recedes, the person feels general weakness, weakness.
  1. In some patients, migraine develops in just 3 stages - there is no aura, but this does not mean that the disease in question should be immediately ruled out.
  2. There is a severe course of migraine - in addition to the usual signs, patients note nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision in the form of darkening in the eyes, short-term paralysis of the upper or lower extremities.
  3. Young children may complain of regularly recurring bouts of abdominal pain and unmotivated vomiting - these symptoms of unknown etiology in some cases indicate the development of migraine at an early age.
  4. More often, the disease under consideration is diagnosed in women, and the first attacks can develop as early as 13 years old. Almost every woman migraine recedes at the onset of menopause.
  5. It is impossible to get rid of migraine "once and for all", but doctors will be able to teach patients with such a diagnosis to lead a normal life. Well, almost normal...
  6. Normally, migraine attacks should be no more than 2 times a month, and the duration of each attack should not exceed 2 hours.

What should be done to control migraine, reduce the number and quality of attacks? First, you need to understand the variety of provoking factors (triggers) and learn how to avoid them. Secondly, you will need to explore a variety of pain medications and migraine remedies in order to quickly relieve pain during an attack. Thirdly, to carry out a number of activities that will help reduce the number of seizures.

Triggers - migraine and triggers

Migraine cannot be classified as an ordinary headache, albeit an intense one - this disease is defined by doctors as an increased sensitivity of the brain to some irritating factors. And these same triggers must be identified - if they are excluded from ordinary life, then it will be possible to reduce the number of migraine attacks to the maximum possible.

Migraine triggers:

  1. Diet. If you are used to taking long breaks between meals, you prefer to starve a little, and only then eat calmly, then expect migraine attacks. The fact is that the biggest “glutton” in the body is the brain, which requires a certain level of glucose in the blood. In the absence of food, this indicator decreases, and the brain will definitely respond to such an attitude. This trigger is very easy to remove - just have a snack every 3-4 hours, even if the appetite is completely absent.
  2. Alcohol. This is the most "bright" trigger, champagne and red wine are especially dangerous for migraine patients. In general, any alcoholic drink contributes to the expansion of cerebral vessels and can provoke pain even in those who are not familiar with migraine attacks.
  3. Liquid. Doctors assure that a healthy person needs to consume at least one and a half liters of pure water per day - this will normalize metabolic processes, ensure the rapid removal of toxins and toxins from the body. If a person prone to migraine attacks is engaged in active sports, training, then the amount of clean water consumed should increase. Remember - you need to use clean water, not tea / coffee / juices!
  4. Food. There are a number of foods that most often trigger migraines:
  • in the first place - beer, smoked meats and blue cheese, which contain a large amount of tyramine;
  • the next most dangerous triggers are, chocolate and citrus fruits;
  • ambiguous triggers - and strong ones, which scientists and doctors are still arguing about.

Note:Recently, there has been evidence that migraine attacks can provoke - an additive to foods and dishes, which is used almost everywhere. But these statements have not received official recognition from science.


In addition to these triggers, it is also worth highlighting a sharp change in the weather - a migraine attack is highly likely to occur in weather-dependent people. And the number and quality of attacks of the disease in question can be affected by a violation in the psycho-emotional background - for example, frequent stress, neurosis, depression.

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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most common as painkillers - they not only relieve headaches, but stop the inflammatory process in the vessels of the brain. We can say that such drugs not only relieve the symptoms of the disease in question, but also have a healing process. However, it is worth knowing that some drugs in this group include ingredients that have a sedative - the choice of specific drugs for a diagnosed migraine should still be done by a specialist. But here are a few of the most commonly used:

  • ibuprofen;
  • Paracetamol;
  • Naproxen;
  • Baralgin, analgin;
  • Voltaren / diclofenac;
  • Ketanov;
  • Ksefokam.

The listed drugs with analgesic action are single-component. Ketanov and xefocam turned out to be the most effective - these painkillers can relieve even acute toothache, reduce the intensity of hepatic colic, therefore, with a diagnosed migraine, they are most often prescribed not only in the form of tablets, but also as injections.

There are certain drugs with an analgesic effect that are used to get rid of migraine pain, which are multicomponent:

  • Pentalgin;
  • Citramon;
  • Migrenol;
  • Tempalgin;
  • Antipal;
  • Spazmalgon;
  • Kaffetin.

Note:if a person decides to endure a migraine attack or makes a mistake in choosing an anesthetic drug, then most likely everything will end in such intense pain when the patient literally “climbs the wall”.

Of course, this should not be allowed, but if this fact takes place, then only injections can quickly, urgently help get rid of severe pain:

  1. Baralgin - 1 ampoule contains 2500 mg of analgin, which is equivalent to 5 tablets. If the headache during the next attack is no longer tolerable, vomiting has appeared, then it is the injection of baralgin that will be the best solution to the problem.
  2. Ketorol - 1 ampoule contains 30 mg of ketorolac, has a more pronounced effect compared to baralgin. The main problem is that this tool is not cheap and is never available from the ambulance brigade. Therefore, experts recommend purchasing Ketorol and syringes on their own in order to be able to quickly provide assistance.

In pharmacies, there are also specific anti-migraine drugs, united in one group - triptans. These include:

  • Sumamigren;
  • Naramig;
  • Imigran;
  • Zomig;
  • Amigrenin;
  • Relpax.

It is worth knowing that triptans have a powerful vasoconstrictive effect, therefore they have many contraindications. For example, it is strictly forbidden to use any drugs from the triptan group for previously diagnosed:

  • unstable blood pressure (for example, if it rises uncontrollably);
  • cardiac ischemia;
  • in history;
  • in history;
  • pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding;
  • children's age up to 18 years;

Note:triptans should not be used during the aura - this will only prolong the aura stage, and make migraine pain more painful and prolonged. It is necessary to get advice from your doctor, especially since there is always a danger of overdose.

Usually, patients with a migraine attack feel in advance, so doctors have developed a series of actions that need to be performed at this moment. In principle, it is recommended to use the following recommendations for each patient:

  1. If you are away from home, then immediately go there - take time off from work, leave the lecture hall, and so on.
  2. Take a warm shower (not hot, not cold!). You can have an aromatherapy session using lavender, bergamot, and patchouli oils - choose one that usually works.
  3. Drink a cup of sweet tea or weak coffee with milk, have a light snack if you have not eaten for a long time, take an aspirin, motilium, and if there is a feeling of nausea, then cerucal.
  4. Go to your room, lock yourself up (no one should bother you), close the curtains, turn out the lights and lie down in bed - you need to try to sleep.
  5. If after 40-50 minutes the attack has not passed, then you can put a cold compress on your forehead, and lower your legs into a bowl of hot water. Give yourself a massage or ask someone close to you for this procedure.
  6. If the pain has not improved after 2 hours, then it is time to take an analgesic or any drug from the triptan group.
  7. If even after taking the last medicines, the attack did not reduce the intensity, vomiting begins, then you need to either call an ambulance team or inject baralgin or ketorol.

Migraine cannot be cured completely, but by familiarizing yourself with the features of this disease, it is quite possible to take it under control. Only in this case, migraine attacks will not be the “end of the world”, but will either occur extremely rarely or proceed in a “lightened” form.

Tsygankova Yana Alexandrovna, medical observer, therapist of the highest qualification category.

The word migraine is known to almost 95% of the country's population. Moreover, this condition haunts people quite often, and the reasons can be completely different. But here a logical question arises: why is a migraine dangerous? There are many negative consequences caused by this condition, and now we will talk about them in more detail.

REMEMBER! Do not forget that migraines will be more pronounced in people with bad habits. Alcohol, smoking, drugs - all this adversely affects the state of human health.

Migraine is an unpleasant throbbing pain in the frontal-temporal region of the head. Of course, there is no particular danger to life from the disease. But the health status can be affected quite negatively. In medical terms, migraine is a functional disorder of vascular tone, which is reversible. Next, we will look at the effects of migraine.

ADVICE! If you are sure that the headache is caused by a migraine, then it would be appropriate to drink one of the anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin. You should not endure a headache, so you can only significantly worsen your condition.

Classification of disorders of vascular tone (migraine)

According to the symptoms of the course and the frequency of attacks, migraine is classified:

  1. Chronic form
  2. migraine status
  3. migraine infarction
  4. Persistent aura without infarction
  5. Epilepsy attack

Chronic form

If the headaches characteristic of migraine continue regularly for one month, then this is a good reason to consult a neurologist.

Chronic migraine can occur during prolonged and regular use of painkillers, as well as in patients experiencing a depressive state. The headache may radiate to the temples, ears, eyes, and back of the head. A doctor who will prescribe a comprehensive treatment will help to avoid this condition.

migraine status

If headache attacks are repetitive and are accompanied by vomiting and general malaise of the body, the development of a migraine state can be assumed. In this case, the past attack is repeated after four hours or does not stop at all for several days. Migraine status occurs in a small percentage of patients. The characteristic features of this form of the disease is a prolonged headache for 72 hours with severe intensity.

migraine infarction

Another condition dangerous to human health. For such a condition, the characteristic features are a migraine attack, which is accompanied by an aura with ischemic brain damage. This fact has been scientifically confirmed as a result of research.

The main indicator of migraine infarction is a migraine attack lasting more than 60 minutes. After the diagnostics, it becomes clear that the cerebral infarction occurred in the area corresponding to the clinical signs of the aura.

Persistent aura without infarction

In this case, the symptoms of the aura contribute to spasms of the cerebral vessels. The duration of an unpleasant disease indicates cerebral ischemia, which is caused by insufficient oxygen supply.

An aura lasting more than seven days indicates that the body is experiencing a persistent aura without a heart attack. It is easy to distinguish such a condition from a regular migraine - a persistent aura lasts continuously for one week.

Epilepsy attack

This condition occurs much less frequently than all of the above. Both migraine and epilepsy belong to a number of neurological ailments. Most often, those who experience epileptic seizures experience a headache characteristic of migraine. The percentage of such patients is approximately 60%, while there are only 20% of ordinary epileptics. Very often, prolonged pain gradually flows into epilepsy.

The combination of epilepsy and migraine is called migrelepsy. Such a complication is rather difficult to cure. Migrelepsy can be recognized by the following signs: migraine with aura, an epileptic attack occurring within one hour after the aura.

In order to exclude the development of migrelepsy, you should carefully monitor your condition. If during a pain attack, the prescribed pain medications do not give a relief effect, you should immediately seek help from a specialist.

migraine and sleep

Many people have a question: “Why does a migraine go away after sleep?”. The answer is quite simple. At night, our brain rests from vigorous activity, including the vessels at rest. At the same time, it is recommended to go to bed no later than 10 pm. This time favorably contributes to the formation of energy, which is necessary during the day. Otherwise, less energy will be generated.

And if you go to bed late at night, then everything can provoke a migraine for the whole next day. Sleep is considered the most effective way to get rid of the disease. But this applies only to night rest, falling asleep during the day, many people will suffer from a headache throughout the day.

Experts recommend sleeping in the supine position, in which case the risk of migraine is excluded. If a person is used to sleeping in an uncomfortable position or on his stomach, then attacks of the disease will not be uncommon. The thing is that only lying on our back, our vertebra is in the correct position. In other cases, an incorrect posture can cause contraction of the neck muscles, as a result of pinching of blood vessels and a headache.

ADVICE! In order to prevent the development of headaches, while in the sun, you should cover your head with a hat or cap, and wear sunglasses over your eyes. Overheating and eye strain have been proven to trigger migraine attacks.

Migraine Danger Signals

IMPORTANT! It is necessary to distinguish between headaches caused by fatigue and those that you experience from migraine attacks. Treatment of diseases is fundamentally different from each other.

There are a number of indicators that are characteristic of this disease:

  • Constant headache in the same area of ​​the head (frontotemporal);
  • Migraine is characterized by throbbing and growing pain;
  • Pain in the head area appears after physical exertion, stretching, and also during sexual activity;
  • There is vomiting, nausea, weakness, sometimes the body temperature may rise.

Table: clinical characteristics of migraine and HDN

Effects

Is a migraine life-threatening? After reading this article, it can be argued that in some cases this disease can cause sad health consequences:

  • Migraine status - prolonged migraines, accompanied by vomiting, dizziness and general weakness of the body;
  • Migraine infarction - a stroke develops against the background of prolonged migraine attacks that last for a week;
  • The development of epilepsy against the background of the aura.

Of the main signs of migraine, throbbing pain in the frontal and temporal zone stands out, which can radiate to the ear, eyes and back of the head.

Remember that even a qualified specialist cannot determine the exact origin of a headache. It is necessary to undergo a series of diagnostics and clinical studies in order to find out the cause of the tormenting disease.

We wish you to stay in a good mood and never get sick! Be healthy!

Migraine is a neurological disease characterized by periodic or regular attacks of headache on one side (right or left). However, sometimes the pain is bilateral.

Moreover, there are no serious diseases (tumor, stroke, etc.), as well as injuries.

Attacks can occur with a frequency of 1-2 times a year to several times a week or month.

According to statistics, about 10-14% (in some countries up to 30%) of the adult population suffers from this disease. And in two-thirds of them, the disease first makes itself felt before the age of 30 years. In this structure, the maximum number of newly ill patients falls on the age of 18 to 20 years, as well as from 30 to 35 years.

However, cases of the onset of the disease are also described in children aged 5-8 years. Moreover, boys and girls suffer from this disease with the same frequency.

In adults, the distribution is somewhat different: migraines are twice as common in women as in men.

It has been proven that there is a hereditary predisposition to migraine. For example, if both parents suffered from an illness, then their children develop the disease in 60-90% of cases, if only the mother, then in 72%, and if only the father, then 20%.

Most often migraine suffers from people who are active, purposeful, responsible. However, this does not mean at all that all other people are unaware of her torment.

It is noteworthy that no matter what age a migraine begins, as a rule, its symptoms weaken as they grow older.

The very first symptoms that resemble migraines were described by ancient healers from the time of the Sumerian civilization even before the birth of Christ in 3000 BC.

A little later (about 400 AD) Hippocrates singled out migraine as a disease and described its signs.

However, migraine owes its name to the ancient Roman doctor - Claudius Galen. In addition, he was the first to single out a feature of migraine - the localization of pain in one half of the head.

It is noteworthy that migraine often becomes a companion of geniuses. This disease, like no other, "loves" active and emotional people who prefer mental work. For example, such outstanding personalities as Pontius Pilate, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Edgar Poe, Karl Marx, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, Julius Caesar, Sigmund Freud, Darwin, Newton suffered from it.

Not bypassed migraine side and modern celebrities. Suffering from headaches, such famous personalities as Whoopi Goldberg, Janet Jackson, Ben Affleck and others live and create.

Another curious fact(although it is not scientifically proven): migraines are more common in people who strive for perfection. Such individuals are ambitious and ambitious, their brains are constantly working. It is not enough for them to do everything perfectly, they must be the best. Therefore, they are very responsible and conscientious about everything, they work "for themselves and for that guy." Basically, they are workaholics.

Blood supply to the brain

For the normal functioning of the brain, a large amount of energy, nutrients and oxygen is needed. All this is delivered to the cells with the bloodstream.

Blood enters the brain through two paired vertebrates and two internal carotid
large main arteries.

The vertebral arteries originate in the thoracic cavity, and then, reaching the base of the brain stem, merge into one and form the basilar artery.

  • anterior and posterior cerebellar arteries, which supply blood to the brainstem and cerebellum

  • posterior cerebral artery that supplies blood to the occipital lobes of the brain

internal carotid artery originates from the common carotid artery, and then, reaching the brain, is divided into two branches:

  • anterior cerebral artery that supplies blood to the anterior frontal lobes of the brain

  • middle cerebral artery that supplies blood to the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes of the brain

Mechanism of migraine development

To date, poorly studied. There are only a few theories about this. Each of them has the right to exist.

The most common theories of migraine development

Vascular Wolf Theory

According to her, a migraine attack is caused by a sudden narrowing of the intracranial vessels. As a result, ischemia (local anemia) and aura develop. Then the vessels of the brain dilate, causing a headache.

Platelet theory

Based on the fact that migraine status can lead to severe complications, patients should be hospitalized in the department for appropriate treatment.

Migraine treatment

This is a long process, including the fight against pain, as well as taking medications that prevent its development. This enables patients to control their disease and live a full life.

How to get rid of migraine pain?

To date, the treatment of pain in migraine is carried out taking into account how pain affects the daily life of the patient. This is assessed on the MIDAS scale (Migraine Disability Assessment Scale)

The scale is based on the loss of time due to a headache in three main areas of life:

  • in study and work
  • in housework and family life
  • in sports and social activities

Thus, the MIDAS scale divides migraine attacks into four degrees:

I degree. Unexpressed headache without limitation in daily life

The quality of life of patients practically does not worsen. Therefore, they rarely go to the doctor, because they are helped by physical methods (cold) or traditional medicine.

Of the medicines, simple painkillers (Analgin) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are most often prescribed: Ibuprofen (preferably), Naproxen, Indomethacin.

II degree. Headache is moderate to severe and there are few restrictions on daily life

With an unexpressed headache, NSAIDs or combined painkillers are prescribed: Codeine, Tetralgin, Pentalgin, Solpadein.

When the headache is severe, and the ability of patients to adapt to environmental conditions is impaired, triptan drugs (Amigrenin, Sumamigren, Imigran, Naramig, Zomig and others) are prescribed.

III-IV degree. Severe headache with moderate or severe (grade IV) limitation in daily life

With these forms, it is advisable to immediately start with drugs from the triptan group.

However, in some cases, Zaldiar is appointed. It contains Tramadol (a strong pain reliever) and Paracetamol (a weak pain reliever with antipyretic properties).

If the attacks are severe and persistent, then the patient is prescribed hormonal drugs. For example, Dexamethasone.

To combat nausea and vomiting, antiemetics are used: Metoclopramide, Domperidone, Chlorpromazine and others. They are recommended to be taken 20 minutes before taking an NSAID or a drug from the triptan group.

What are triptan drugs?

They are the "gold standard" because they are designed specifically for the relief of migraine pain. Their action is most pronounced if you take the required dose at the very beginning of the attack.

  • When the patient felt the approach of the onset of an attack, it is necessary to take one tablet. If after two hours the pain has passed, then the patient returns to his normal life.

  • In the case when after two hours the pain decreased, but did not go away at all, it is necessary to take another pill. And during the next attack, it is recommended to immediately take two tablets.

If the drug was taken on time, but it did not help, then it is necessary to replace it.

There are two generations of triptans:

  • The first is represented by Sumatriptan. It is available in tablets (Amigrenin, Imigran and others), in the form of suppositories (Trimigren), in the form of a spray (Imigran).

  • The second is Naratriptan (Naramig) and Zolmitriptan (Zomig). They are more effective and cause fewer side effects.

It should be remembered that patients have individual sensitivity to drugs of the same group. Therefore, for each patient, it is necessary to choose a “own” drug, and if it is found, then you should not experiment further.

Prospects for the treatment of migraine attacks

The second phase of the study of the drug Olcegepant is currently underway. When administered intravenously, it prevents vasodilation of the brain at the onset of a migraine attack. The effectiveness of the tablet form of Olcegepant is also being studied and evaluated.

In addition, studies are underway on a drug code-named AZ-001, which is used to treat nausea and vomiting. According to recent data, it is effective in the fight against migraine.

The advantage of the drug is that it is used with the help of inhalers of the Staccato system. The essence of the operation of this inhaler: a battery is built into the device, which, when the piston is pressed, heats up the solid medicinal substance, turning it into an aerosol.


What medications help treat migraines?

In addition to stopping migraine attacks, there is another important component in the treatment of the disease itself - the prevention of attacks.

For this, various drugs are used, including those in the instructions of which there is no indication of their effectiveness in the treatment of migraine. The fact is that the mechanism of development of migraine is not yet completely clear. Therefore, it remains inexplicable why drugs used to treat completely different diseases help with migraines.

Basically, one drug is prescribed, since the treatment is long, and any drug can cause side effects.

Drugs of choice(used primarily) - beta-blockers. Although, how they help prevent a migraine attack remains unclear until now. The main drug is Propranolol.

Are used antidepressants. The reason for their use is their good efficacy in the treatment of chronic pain. In addition, they reduce depression, which can develop in patients with a long course of the disease and frequent attacks.

In addition, antidepressants prolong the effect of painkillers and triptans. And some antidepressants themselves can reduce headaches. The most effective and safe drugs are the new generation of antidepressants: Venlafaxine (Velafax), Milnacipran (Ixel), Duloxetine (Cymbalta).

Well proven anticonvulsants: valportates (Depakin, Apilepsin) and Topiramate (Topamax). Moreover, studies have shown that Topiramate is the most effective. Because it reduces the frequency of seizures quite quickly - within the first month of use. In addition, it is well tolerated by patients.

How to treat migraine during pregnancy?

Many drugs should not be taken during pregnancy as they may affect the development of the fetus. For this reason, preventive treatment of migraine is not carried out, but only its attacks are stopped.

Therefore, it is so important, first of all, to exclude trigger factors in order to prevent the development of an attack.

In addition, it is necessary normalize the daily routine and lead a healthy lifestyle:

  • Sleep at least 8 hours a day, but no more.
  • You can do yoga and meditation, take a course of acupuncture. Since these methods will not harm the fetus and will not affect the course of pregnancy.
  • Light regular exercise of moderate intensity helps well, because they will not harm the baby.
  • Eat a balanced diet, eat often and in small quantities.
  • It is not recommended to limit yourself to drinking if there are no other diseases. For example, high blood pressure or a tendency to edema.
  • The expectant mother should avoid noise, din, harsh screams and conflict situations.

Relaxing massage in migraine points helps well:

  • between the two vertical muscles of the neck - the base of the skull
  • between the eyebrows at the junction of the bridge of the nose and the frontal bones (in the cavity just above the bridge of the nose)
  • at the junction of the eyebrow line and the bridge of the nose
  • on top of the foot in the hollow between the big and second toes
  • in depressions under the base of the skull on the outside of the two vertical muscles of the neck

Massage technique

  • Massage is carried out with the pads of the thumb, index or middle finger.
  • The pressure should be sufficient, but not weak or strong. Since weak pressure will not have an effect, and strong pressure can increase muscle tension.
  • It is necessary to massage in circular motions, gradually deepening "inside".
  • You can move to another point only after muscle tension disappears, and softness and warmth appear under the fingertips.
  • It is necessary to finish the massage of each point gradually, reducing the force of pressure and slowing down the movements.

Medications for the relief of a migraine attack:

  • In severe cases, acetaminophen is prescribed in the minimum dosage.

  • If the attacks are mild, then paracetamol is used. However, its dosage cannot be exceeded. Since it has been proven that mothers who took it in the last trimester of pregnancy, children are more likely to be born with respiratory disorders.

  • Magnesium preparations are used, which will not affect the fetus and the course of pregnancy in any way.

What are the traditional treatments for migraine?


To combat headaches, use:

  • Peppermint infusion. Half a tablespoon of peppermint and pour 200 milliliters of hot (not boiling!) Water and place in a water bath for 10 minutes, stirring constantly. Then remove from heat, let cool and strain. Take 1/3 cup three times a day before meals.
  • Infusion of elderberry flowers. Pour 200 ml of boiling water over a tablespoon of herbaceous elderberry flowers, cover and let it brew for half an hour. Next, express and take three times a day 20 minutes before meals, along with honey (if you are not allergic to it), 50 milliliters each.
  • St. John's wort decoction. Pour one tablespoon of chopped dry grass with one glass of water and boil over low heat. Leave to brew for half an hour, then strain. Take ¼ cup three times a day.
  • Blackcurrant juice take three to four times a day for 50 milliliters.
  • Lemon compress. Remove the peel from the lemon and remove the white skin, then cut into two circles and apply to the temples.
  • Cold compress. Wrap ice in a towel or light cloth and apply to the affected area.
  • cabbage leaf remove from fresh cabbage. Next, remove the thick vein and attach to the head, tied with a scarf.

However, the best way to prevent a migraine attack is to use:

  • Lavender tincture. Pour two dessert spoons of lavender with 400 milliliters of boiling water, leave to infuse for 30 minutes. Then express and take the infusion throughout the day in small portions.
  • Drink chamomile tea regularly. Pour a teaspoon of chamomile with a glass of boiling water, then strain and drink tea. During the day, you can up to two or three cups.
  • Melissa tea. Take one teaspoon of chopped lemon balm fresh or dry and pour a glass of boiling water over it. Then let it brew, and after 10-15 minutes decant. If you are not allergic, you can add a teaspoon of honey to your tea.

Migraine Prevention

There are several rules:

  1. Find out and, if possible, eliminate provoking factors you have migraines.
  2. Normalize your sleep. It is necessary to sleep at least 7-8 hours a day, but no more. And in the evening, exclude any noisy events, and go to bed 1.5-2 hours before midnight. Since the process of energy formation in our body occurs during sleep: mostly in the first phase of sleep until midnight. But already the energy consumption begins after three in the morning.
  3. Eliminate all types of food stimulation - systematic use of coffee, strong tea and chocolate.
  4. Quit smoking and drinking alcohol.
  5. Eat right. Do not follow complex diets, eat at least once every five hours, try to eat natural products, reduce spices to a minimum. Be sure to have breakfast.

    Eat foods rich in energy, biologically active substances, vitamins:

    • lean meats and fish (especially sea)
    • dairy products and eggs (preferably homemade)
    • whole fruits (not juices!)
    • fresh vegetables (pickled)
  6. Let's get on the body proper physical activity. Because if they are excessive, they can lead to the mobilization of the reserve forces of the body, as with stress. As a result, you will develop another migraine attack. Therefore, engage in calm sports or exercise without additional loads: swimming (not for speed), Pilates, walking, and so on.
  7. Follow the drinking regime: drink at least 1.5-2 liters of water per day. Because the body will "decide" that it is dehydrated and will retain fluid. As a result, swelling will appear.
  8. Provide yourself with a comfortable emotional state. If possible, communicate only with people you like. And remember that there are no bad or good people, it all depends on how you treat them. And with loved ones, be patient, but know how to say “no”. And be sure to do what you love.

What is a cervical migraine?

"Cervical migraine" is a term sometimes used to refer to one of the manifestations vertebral artery syndrome- excruciating pain, reminiscent of migraine.

In fact, cervical migraine is not related to "real" migraine. Along the cervical spine on the right and left are two vertebral arteries, which provide the brain with blood by about 30%.

With osteochondrosis of the cervical spine and some other diseases, the blood flow in the vertebral arteries is disturbed. This leads to excruciating attacks of headaches, during which vision, hearing, and coordination of movements are disturbed.


How is migraine coded in ICD 10?

To designate different forms of migraine in the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision, there are several codes:

  • G43 - migraine;
  • G43.1- migraine with aura, or the classic form of migraine;
  • G43.0- migraine with aura, or a simple form of migraine;
  • G43.3- complicated migraine;
  • G43.2- migraine status;
  • G43.8– another migraine ( retinal, ophthalmoplegic);
  • G43.9- unspecified migraine.

What are the consequences of a migraine?

Complications directly related to the disease:

  • Chronic migraine. If migraine pains lasted 15 or more days within a month, 3 months or more, then in this case they speak of chronic migraine.
  • migraine status. A condition in which migraine attacks last 3 days or more.
  • Persistent Aura. Usually, after the migraine attack passes, the aura also stops. But sometimes it persists for more than a week after the attack. Symptoms of a prolonged aura may resemble stroke (cerebral infarction), so this state is called migraine infarction. If the aura after an attack lasts more than 1 hour, but less than 1 week, they talk about migraines with prolonged aura. Sometimes migraine attacks are manifested only by an aura without a headache - this condition is called migraine equivalents.

Complications of migraine associated with treatment:

  • Problems with the digestive organs. Ibuprofen and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause abdominal pain, ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, and other complications, especially when these drugs are taken long-term and in high doses.
  • Drug headaches (synonyms: overuse headaches, rebound headaches). They occur if you take headache medicines for more than 10 days a month for 3 months or more in high doses. At the same time, the drugs themselves cause headaches. The patient, as it were, finds himself in a vicious circle: due to the frequent use of medicines, the pain becomes more frequent and stronger, and the person, believing that the disease is progressing and the medicines in the same quantities no longer help, takes the pills again and increases the dose. Scientists cannot fully explain why drug headaches occur. In order to avoid them, you need to take all medicines exactly as prescribed by the doctor, and if they start to help worse, you should immediately consult a doctor, instead of increasing the frequency of administration and doses.
  • serotonin syndrome. A rare, potentially life-threatening complication. Occurs when the amount of serotonin- a chemical found in the nervous system. May lead to serotonin syndrome triptans and antidepressants. In combination, these drugs increase serotonin levels much more than either alone.

Do they take in the army with a migraine?

According to the "Schedule of Diseases", which entered into force on October 1, 2014, various forms of migraine with frequent (once a month or more) and prolonged (24 hours or more) attacks that require hospital treatment should be the reason for assigning a conscript category "B" - "limited fit for military service."

If the seizures are more rare and less prolonged, the conscript is assigned the category "G" - "temporarily unfit for military service." During regular medical examinations, this delay may be extended up to the onset of non-military age.

How is migraine diagnosed? What is the basis for such a diagnosis?

Most often, a doctor diagnoses migraine based on family history, life and medical history, complaints and symptoms, and data obtained during a neurological examination. Additional studies and analyzes are usually not required.

However, sometimes, for example, if there is doubt about the diagnosis, the patient has severe or not quite typical migraine symptoms, the doctor prescribes an examination, which may include:

  • General and biochemical blood test.
  • Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head.
  • Spinal puncture. During this procedure, a needle is inserted between adjacent lumbar vertebrae and some cerebrospinal fluid
    Especially often migraine attacks are associated with the female endocrine system and menstruation. Some facts point to the role of female hormones:
    • The prevalence of the disease among women is 10-15%, among men it is much less common.
    • Migraines can occur in women at any age. But often this happens with the advent of the first menstruation.
    • In childhood, the prevalence of migraine among boys and girls is about the same. With the onset of puberty, migraine in girls is already 2-3 times more common.
    • There is often a connection between migraine attacks in women and menstruation, pregnancy, breastfeeding, taking hormonal contraceptives.

    In this regard, a few years ago, such a variety of migraine was separately identified as menstrual migraine (menstrual-dependent migraine). In many women, her attacks occur within the two days preceding menstruation, or during the first three days of menstruation. But headaches with menstrual migraine can also occur on other days of the cycle, most often in the second half of it.

    The causes of menstrual-dependent migraine are still not fully understood. Most Common Theories:

    • The estrogen withdrawal theory. Migraine attacks occur as a result of a drop in the level of one of the estrogen hormones – estradiol.
    • prostaglandin theory. Headaches occur due to the fact that before menstruation and in the first days of menstruation in the body, the content of prostaglandins- biologically active substances that are normally found in all cells and tissues.
    • magnesium theory. The cause of headaches is a low level of magnesium in the blood in the second half of the monthly cycle.

    For some women, migraine worsens while taking hormonal contraceptives. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the condition usually (but not in all women) improves, the attacks may stop.

    What is a basilar migraine?

    Basilar migraine occurs as a result of disorders in the brain stem or lower part of the brain.

    Causes of basilar migraine

    "Triggers" for attacks of basilar migraine most often are the following factors:

    • alcohol;
    • stress;
    • lack of sleep;
    • taking certain medications;
    • starvation;
    • hormonal changes in the female body;
    • bright light;
    • caffeine;
    • eating food containing nitrites;
    • intense physical activity;
    • weather change, rise to height.

    Symptoms of basilar migraine

    The aura can last from 5 minutes to 1 hour. When the headache starts, it's still going on, or it's already over. The attack lasts from 4 to 72 hours. Basilar migraine starts on one side, then spreads and gets worse.

    Possible symptoms:

    • nausea and vomiting;
    • increased sensitivity to light and sounds;
    • cold hands, feet;
    • double vision;
    • slurred speech;
    • temporary blindness;
    • imbalance;
    • tingling in different parts of the body;
    • hearing impairment;
    • loss of consciousness;
    • difficulty with speech.

    What are the alternative treatments for migraine?

    • Acupuncture. Studies have shown that this procedure helps to cope with headaches of various origins, including migraine headaches. But acupuncture is effective and safe only if it is performed by a certified specialist using special sterile needles.
    • Biofeedback. This is a special kind of relaxation with the help of special equipment. During the procedure, a person learns to control physiological responses to various influences, such as stress.
    • Massage. An effective means of prevention, helps to make migraine attacks more rare.
    • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Helps some people with migraines.
    • Herbs, vitamins, minerals, dietary supplements. Migraine attacks can be prevented and reduced in frequency by: butterbur grass, pyrethrum, high doses riboflavin (vitamin B2), coenzyme Q10, magnesium. But before using them, you should always consult with your doctor.

Frequent migraines interfere with the usual way of life, as they arise unexpectedly and amaze the patient with severe unbearable pain. Correctly selected treatment can help get rid of them. But first of all, it is necessary to identify the source of the disease.

Migraine is a neurological disease. Its essence lies in the fact that overexcited nerve cells of the brain provoke the occurrence of seizures. The attack is based on a headache, which most often has a pulsating and growing character. Pain may be accompanied by symptoms such as:

  • Paleness or redness of the skin;
  • Nausea and vomiting;
  • Weakness;
  • Vertigo.

One in four migraine sufferers sees an aura before their eyes. It can be expressed in the form of spots, flashes, veils, flickers. Moreover, depending on the type of migraine, the pathological condition can cause additional impairments in vision, coordination, hearing, speech, and even muscle mobility. Thus, any headache is not considered a migraine.

Frequent migraines, also known as chronic migraines, are most common in women. Seizures may occur several times a month. At the same time, during attacks, despite severe throbbing pain, arterial and intracranial pressure remain normal.

Reasons for frequent peace

The exact etiology of the disease is not 100% understood. In fact, during an attack, brain vessels swell and nerve endings are irritated. Among the reasons contributing to this, it is customary to single out:

  • genetic predisposition;
  • Large physical, nervous, mental, psycho-emotional stress;
  • Unstable hormonal background. It may be the result of puberty, certain diseases, taking contraceptives and other hormonal drugs;
  • Fatigue, chronic lack of sleep;
  • Pathologies in the circulatory system;
  • Disturbed metabolic processes;
  • Frequent processes of acclimatization;
  • Intolerance to foods high in tyramine.

Residents of megacities, who often face stressful situations, do not follow a normalized daily routine, have bad habits, and from time to time suffer from migraine attacks. They can occur on their own, but there are also factors provoking them. It can be:

  • A state of depression or emotional stress;
  • Pungent odors;
  • Loud sounds;
  • Bright light;
  • flashing flashes;
  • The state of alcoholic intoxication.

But it is worthwhile to understand that all these phenomena have an individual character, therefore, first of all, it is important to listen to your body. If the association of migraine attacks with any of these factors has become noticeable, then contact with it should be minimized as much as possible.

Large nervous and mental stress is one of the causes of migraine

Symptoms

Migraine in women and men is the same. Typically, migraine attacks include 4 phases:

  • Harbingers. seen in half of the patients. Usually expressed in increased irritability, fatigue, or, conversely, activity. The patient's mood may deteriorate sharply for no reason. Harbingers can appear in a few days or hours;
  • Aura. Occurs in a quarter of cases. As mentioned above, it consists in visual or tactile stimuli. Sparks, flashes, clouding in the eyes, as well as sensations of tingling, numbness, all this refers to the aura;
  • Headache. This is the main symptom of a migraine. Pain can vary in intensity and duration. Most often, it is pulsating and pressing, while physical movements and stimuli such as bright lights, sounds, and smells only increase it. The pain is often accompanied by nausea and vomiting;
  • Depressed state. This phase does not always appear. If it is, then the patient re-experiences signs similar to the precursors.

Each organism is individual, which means that migraine attacks in patients may vary in character. For some, only the head is characteristic, while someone endures all 4 of these phases.

Additional symptoms, such as abdominal pain, paresthesia, drooping of the eyelid, and others, may occur with complicated types of migraine.


Severe headache is the main symptom of migraine

Diagnostic methods

The diagnosis of migraine is usually based on the history and physical examination of the patient. During the appointment, the doctor collects the necessary information, namely:

  • How does the seizure proceed?
  • The nature, duration, localization of pain;
  • Is the pain accompanied by other symptoms?
  • frequency of seizures;
  • What triggers a migraine?
  • Features of the occurrence of seizures, for example, time of day;
  • What helps relieve pain;
  • How does the patient feel after the attack.

An important issue is genetic predisposition. The patient should also inform the doctor about what kind of lifestyle he leads, whether stressful situations often arise, how normalized his day is, whether he has enough rest.

During a physical examination, the doctor may evaluate visual, auditory functions, reflexes. But their violations may not always indicate the presence of a migraine in a patient. If the patient is examined during an attack, the doctor may observe: discoloration of the skin, increased sweating, cold extremities, symptoms of fever, slight swelling on the surface of the head.

Additional diagnostic methods, such as tomography, are used in case of detection of serious complications against the background of seizures.


What is the danger of frequent migraine

Migraine attacks usually cause concern only during their course. But once they are over and the patient begins to feel good, he can let go of the situation. In fact, migraine is not the safest phenomenon. Despite the fact that it does not provoke the development of other diseases, it can result in such complications as migraine status and migraine stroke. The differences between them are as follows:

  • migraine status. It is expressed in a chain of attacks following one after another. At the same time, the frequency between them can be so small that the patient seems to be experiencing one very long attack, lasting up to 3 days. A weakened body may begin to experience a state of dehydration, and in especially serious cases, convulsions;
  • migraine stroke. During this condition, the patient experiences various neurological symptoms. They do not coincide with the signs of a migraine and then come and go. In migraine stroke, tomography shows visible changes in the brain.

Both of these cases require hospitalization and urgent treatment. In order not to provoke their occurrence, migraine should be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner.

Risk factors for migraine

Often, hemicrania occurs unexpectedly for the patient himself. In fact, there are a number of factors that contribute to the occurrence of this pathological condition: from normal lifestyle to serious injuries.

Foods and supplements

The association of headaches with food is attributed to the fact that the chemical composition of some of them can affect the size of blood vessels, narrowing or expanding it. Typically, these products include those in which the content of tyramine is increased.

In general, migraine can provoke:

  • Smoked products;
  • mature cheeses;
  • Nuts;
  • Citrus;
  • Lentils;
  • Ready seasonings and flavor enhancers;
  • Crisps.

Foods can also have an indirect effect on headache attacks. This happens when a person ceases to follow a balanced diet and increasingly switches to snacking, skipping full meals. The result is a decrease in blood sugar, which increases the risk of migraine.


Environment

Some people have an increased sensitivity to environmental factors. Migraine can also be a consequence of this relationship. Its occurrence may be affected by:

  • A sharp change in the level of pressure;
  • Too much light;
  • Frequent change of climatic zones or weather;
  • Change of time zones.

For this reason, many people experience headaches and fatigue while on an airplane.


Lifestyle

Lifestyle - often causes migraines. Seizures occur in people who do not follow a normalized schedule: they fall asleep and wake up at different times, the duration of sleep is always different, most often less than 8 hours a day.

No less important is the atmosphere in the family and at work. If a person is often in a stressful situation, for example, due to conflicts at home, or a large responsibility at work, then he has an increased risk of having seizures.

Changes in the hormonal background of the body

It has been scientifically proven that hormones can influence the onset of migraines. For this reason, women often suffer from headaches than men. Even minor hormonal fluctuations during the cycle can provoke them.

If the patient often suffers from migraine attacks, then he should pay attention to such things as the state of the thyroid gland, whether he takes hormonal drugs, the state of the genital organs. It is not uncommon for teenagers to experience seizures during puberty.

Head injury

Head injuries can provoke a disruption in the functioning of blood vessels, blood circulation, and some regulatory functions of the brain. All this can cause headaches, which may not occur immediately, but after a few days. The number of seizures can also vary in each individual case.

What to do with frequent migraines

With frequent attacks of seizures, a visit to the doctor is mandatory. It is strictly forbidden to carry out drug treatment on your own, since most medicines have serious side effects.

The doctor in each individual case selects the appropriate complex of drugs and their dosage. These can be drugs:

  • Vasoconstrictor or vasodilator;
  • Painkillers;
  • Stimulating blood flow and nutrition of blood vessels;
  • antidepressants;
  • sedatives;
  • Anticonvulsants.

If there are additional violations in the body, then other drugs may be prescribed.

Prevention

Frequent migraine needs prevention. It, like the main treatment, is selected by a doctor. Depending on the degree of nature of the attacks, therapy may include taking medications and various procedures: physiotherapy, reflexology.

In addition, the patient should avoid disease-provoking factors. It is strongly recommended to get rid of bad habits, normalize the daily routine, minimize the intake of foods containing tyramine and, of course, avoid getting into stressful situations.